Cervical deformity patients with baseline hyperlordosis or hyperkyphosis differ in surgical treatment and radiographic outcomes :Peter Gust Passias, Haddy Alas, Nicholas Kummer, Peter Tretiakov, Bassel G Diebo, Renaud Lafage, Christopher P Ames, Breton Line, Eric O Klineberg, Douglas C Burton, Juan S Uribe, Han Jo Kim, Alan H Daniels, Shay Bess, Themistocles Protopsaltis, Gregory M Mundis, Christopher I Shaffrey, Frank J Schwab, Justin S Smith, Virginie Lafage, International Spine Study Group, Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spine

ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Year : 2022 | Volume : 13 | Issue : 3 | Page : 271--277

Cervical deformity patients with baseline hyperlordosis or hyperkyphosis differ in surgical treatment and radiographic outcomes

Peter Gust Passias¹, Haddy Alas¹, Nicholas Kummer¹, Peter Tretiakov¹, Bassel G Diebo², Renaud Lafage³, Christopher P Ames⁴, Breton Line⁵, Eric O Klineberg⁶, Douglas C Burton⁷, Juan S Uribe⁸, Han Jo Kim³, Alan H Daniels⁹, Shay Bess⁵, Themistocles Protopsaltis¹, Gregory M Mundis¹⁰, Christopher I Shaffrey¹¹, Frank J Schwab³, Justin S Smith¹¹, Virginie Lafage³, International Spine Study Group¹
¹ Department of Orthopaedic and Neurosurgery, Division of Spinal Surgery, NYU Langone Orthopaedic Hospital, New York Spine Institute, Brooklyn, USA
² Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, USA
³ Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, NY, USA
⁴ Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
⁵ Rocky Mountain Scoliosis and Spine, Denver, CO, USA
⁶ Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California Davis, Davis, USA
⁷ Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, USA
⁸ Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
⁹ Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
¹⁰ San Diego Center for Spinal Disorders, La Jolla, CA, USA
¹¹ Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, VA, USA

Correspondence Address:
Peter Gust Passias
New York Spine Institute, NYU Langone Medical Center, Hospital for Joint Diseases, 301 East 17^th Street, 10003, NY
USA

Background: Patients with symptomatic cervical deformity (CD) requiring surgical correction often present with hyperkyphosis (HK), although patients with hyperlordotic curves may require surgery as well. Few studies have investigated differences in CD corrective surgery with regard to HK and hyperlordosis (HL). Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate patterns in treatment for CD patients with baseline (BL) HK and HL and understand how extreme curvature of the spine may influence surgical outcomes. Materials and Methods: Operative CD patients with BL and 1-year (1Y) radiographic data were included in the study. Patients were stratified based on BL C2–C7 lordosis (CL) angle: those >1 standard deviation (SD) from the mean (−6.96 ± 21.47°) were hyperlordotic (>14.51°) or hyperkyphotic (<−28.43°) depending on directionality. Patients within 1SD were considered control group. Results: 102 surgical CD patients (61 years, 65% F, 30 kg/m²) with BL and 1Y radiographic data were included. 20 patients met definitions for HK and 21 patients met definitions for HL. No differences in demographics or disability were noted. HK had higher estimated blood loss (EBL) with anterior approaches than HL but similar EBL with posterior approach. Operative time did not differ between groups. Control, HL, and HK groups differed in BL TS-CL (36.6° vs. 22.5° vs. 60.7°, P < 0.001) and BL-SVA (10.8 vs. 7.0 vs. −47.8 mm, P = 0.001). HL patients had less discectomies, less corpectomies, and similar osteotomy rates to HK. HL had 3x revisions of HK and controls (28.6 vs. 10.0 vs. 9.2%, respectively, P = 0.046). At 1Y, HL patients had higher cSVA and trended higher SVA and SS than HK. In terms of BL-upper cervical alignment, HK patients had higher McGregor's slope (MGS) (16.1° vs. 3.3°, P = 0.002) and C0–C2 Cobb (43.3° vs. 26.9°, P < 0.001), however, postoperative differences in MGS and C0–C2 were not significant. HK drivers of deformity were primarily C (90%), whereas HL had primary CT (38.1%), UT (23.8%), and C (14.3%) drivers. Conclusions: Hyperlodotic patients trended higher revision rates with greater radiographic malalignment at 1-year postoperative, perhaps due to undercorrection compared to kyphotic etiologies.

How to cite this article:
Passias PG, Alas H, Kummer N, Tretiakov P, Diebo BG, Lafage R, Ames CP, Line B, Klineberg EO, Burton DC, Uribe JS, Kim HJ, Daniels AH, Bess S, Protopsaltis T, Mundis GM, Shaffrey CI, Schwab FJ, Smith JS, Lafage V, International Spine Study Group. Cervical deformity patients with baseline hyperlordosis or hyperkyphosis differ in surgical treatment and radiographic outcomes.J Craniovert Jun Spine 2022;13:271-277

How to cite this URL:
Passias PG, Alas H, Kummer N, Tretiakov P, Diebo BG, Lafage R, Ames CP, Line B, Klineberg EO, Burton DC, Uribe JS, Kim HJ, Daniels AH, Bess S, Protopsaltis T, Mundis GM, Shaffrey CI, Schwab FJ, Smith JS, Lafage V, International Spine Study Group. Cervical deformity patients with baseline hyperlordosis or hyperkyphosis differ in surgical treatment and radiographic outcomes. J Craniovert Jun Spine [serial online] 2022 [cited 2023 Jun 2 ];13:271-277
Available from: https://www.jcvjs.com/article.asp?issn=0974-8237;year=2022;volume=13;issue=3;spage=271;epage=277;aulast=Passias;type=0